What counts as workplace discrimination?

Discrimination occurs when an employer treats you less favorably because of a protected characteristic. Under the Alabama Age Discrimination in Employment Act, protected classes include: age (40+); alabama does not have a comprehensive state civil rights employment law — most claims go through federal title vii [§ 25-1-21].

How do I prove discrimination?

You can show direct evidence (discriminatory statements, policies) or circumstantial evidence (differential treatment, statistical patterns, pretext for stated reasons) [42 U.S.C. 2000e-2].

Can I file with both the state agency and EEOC?

Yes. Alabama has no state civil rights enforcement agency with EEOC deferral; claims go directly to EEOC. Filing with one agency can often satisfy the requirements of the other through cross-filing agreements.

What happens after I file?

The agency investigates, attempts mediation or conciliation, and may issue findings. If unresolved, you receive a right-to-sue letter allowing you to file a lawsuit.

Topic guideUpdated 2026-02-27

Alabama Workplace Discrimination — Filing a Complaint

Protected classes, filing deadlines, and how to pursue a discrimination claim under Alabama and federal law.

The Alabama Age Discrimination in Employment Act prohibits employment discrimination in Alabama §25-1-21.

Protected Classes

Under Alabama law, employers cannot discriminate based on: age (40+); alabama does not have a comprehensive state civil rights employment law — most claims go through federal title vii.

Federal laws (Title VII, ADA, ADEA) provide additional protections for employees of employers with 15+ employees (20+ for age discrimination).

Types of Discrimination

Disparate treatment — intentional discrimination based on a protected characteristic

Disparate impact — neutral policies that disproportionately affect a protected group

Failure to accommodate — refusing reasonable accommodations for disability or religion

Harassment — creating a Hostile work environment based on a protected characteristic

Filing a Discrimination Complaint

You have 180 days to file with EEOC (no state agency deferral extends this) §25-1-20. Alabama has no state civil rights enforcement agency with EEOC deferral; claims go directly to EEOC.

	Details
State Agency	Alabama Department of Labor
Federal Agency	EEOC
State Deadline	180 days to file with EEOC (no state agency deferral extends this) §25-1-20
Federal Deadline	180 days (300 with deferral) [42 U.S.C. § 2000e-5]

⚠Filing deadlines are strictly enforced. Missing the deadline typically bars your claim entirely, regardless of its merits.

✓File with both the state agency and EEOC to preserve all options. A single filing can often be cross-filed with both agencies.

Prepare for Your Consultation

Quick checklist (Employment Law)

Gather these before your first consultation.

Employment records

(pay stubs, contracts, offer letters)

Communication evidence

(emails, texts, performance reviews)

Witness information

(coworkers who can corroborate)

General preparation tips only. Specific needs depend on your state and employment situation.

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